You are assisting a marine researcher who stepped on a stingray. What should your primary action be?

The primary action should be to immerse the foot in hot water as tolerated. This technique is effective in managing the pain and neutralizing toxins released by the stingray's spine. Hot water helps to deactivate the venom and provides relief by increasing blood flow to the area, which in turn can help reduce the intensity of pain and inflammation. The temperature should be comfortable for the person receiving care, typically between 110 to 113 degrees Fahrenheit (43 to 45 degrees Celsius).

While washing the wound with soap and water can be beneficial in cleaning the area, it does not address the venom's effects. Applying a tourniquet is not appropriate for stingray injuries, as it may restrict blood flow unnecessarily and cause further complications. Washing the sting site with vinegar can be useful in certain marine animal stings, particularly for jellyfish, but it is not a recommended first aid treatment for stingray injuries.